Although ritonavir was initially designed to inhibit HIV protease, studies have found that it also inhibits cytochrome P450-3A4
The EPIC-HR trial enrolled nonhospitalized adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 who were not vaccinated and who were at high risk of progressing to
Sustained viral load suppression is a key goal of antiretroviral therapy and is related to adequate drug exposure
Ritonavir can also act as an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and nirmatrelvir is known
Pharmacokinetics and interactions of a novel antagonist of chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with ritonavir in rats and monkeys: role of CYP3A and P-glycoprotein
Other effects include hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, and allergic
The ritonavir from the lopinavir-ritonavir coformulation has a double-boosting function for both lopinavir and saquinavir
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47 Relative to the fasting state, Ritonavir boosting improves PI efficacy and decreases the occurrence of protease inhibitor resistance after virologic failure, albeit at a cost of an increased incidence of clinically significant drug A model integrating ATV and ritonavir pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics used nonlinear mixed effects
European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (2017) Download PDF
Drug exposures for each of these boosted protease inhibitors are significantly reduced during pregnancy
Male Wistar rats were intravenously administered at 3 mg dose of pure ritonavir and oral The ritonavir-ATV interaction model suggested that optimal boosting effect is achievable at lower ritonavir exposures
aTV (300 mg), ritonavir (100 mg), and tenofovir (300 mg) + emtricitabine (200 mg), in bottles with mems caps, were taken once daily for 6 months
52 Molnupiravir does not require a pharmacokinetic booster (i
The pharmacokinetics of elvitegravir did not differ if ritonavir was given once or twice daily
× Ritonavir boosting dose of 100mg can be used for children intolerant to the solution
The ritonavir–ATV interaction model suggested that optimal boosting effect is achievable at lower ritonavir exposures
Effect of Ritonavir on the Pharmacokinetics of Aims: The aim of the study was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of indinavir, define the relationship between the pharmacokinetics of indinavir and ritonavir, and to identify the factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of indinavir alone or when given with ritonavir
An unboosted ATV dose (capsule formulation) of 520 mg/m 2 met the study pharmacokinetic criteria for children > 2 to ≤ 13 years and a dose of 620 mg/m
Note: Darunavir (DRV) should not be used without a pharmacokinetic enhancer (boosting agent)