Nov 29, 2023 · Oral: Recommended dose: 100 to 200 mg orally once a day
Uses: Bedtime hypnosis; hypnosis
o Phenobarbital may adversely affect neurodevelopment, and is delivered in 10% EtOH, adding to this risk
Phenobarbital and clonidine are the most common adjunctive agents for the treatment of NAS [ 1, 3 ]
Phenobarbital is the first line additional therapy for polysubstance exposure and may be used in combination with opioid therapy for NAS secondary to opiate withdrawal
This is the first large randomized trial comparing the efficacy of clonidine and phenobarbital as an adjunct to primary opioid therapy for NAS
The majority of practitioners use phenobarbital as a second drug if the opioid does not adequately control withdrawal signs
2 mg/kg/day) and
Phenobarbital may cause a severe allergic reaction
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Phenobarbital has moderate interactions with at least 393 different drugs
NAS is a result of the abrupt discontinuation of the substances abused or used by the mother during pregnancy
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Some clinicians administer phenobarbital sodium IV until seizures stop or a total dose of 20 mg/kg has been given
Of 563 infants with NOWS treated with morphine, 32% (n = 180) also received a secondary medication
In addition, these medications are also helpful for inducing anesthesia
To survey current practices for the treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) among institutions in the United States to identify changes in national practice over time
Study design: Prospective, randomized, open-label study of infants ≥ 35 weeks' gestation
Clonidine as an Adjunct Therapy to Opioids for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Phenobarbital works by slowing activity in the brain and nervous system
Epilepsy is a disease that causes seizures, including tonic-clonic, complex, partial, or myoclonic seizures
Its onset of action occurs within 30 minutes, and the duration of action ranges from 5 to 6 hours
It is detoxified in the liver