With the advent of modern imaging
A 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade was performed in the right eye with no anatomical or functional improvement
Clinicians should be aware of tamoxifen-related ocular toxicity and should perhaps discuss the risk when starting treatment
57 Corneal changes are reversible on discontinuation of the drug, but All had retinal deposits (crystals), 3 had cystoid macular edema, and one had punctate areas of RPE degeneration
Besides its numerous benefits in patients with breast cancer and other conditions, several side effects have been reported, including tamoxifen-induced retinopathy (TR)
Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is a medication that has been used to treat breast cancer
Presence of macular edema and numerous hyperreflective inner retinal deposits were noted on OCT in both eyes
The crystalline retinal deposits are classically confined to the nerve fibre and inner plexiform layers and are hypothesised to represent areas of axonal degeneration
Unlike tamoxifen, another SERM agent, retinal deposits, macular edema, or optic neuritis was not observed in this patient, and only corneal verticillata was present
Tamoxifen-induced retinopathy: review of the literature Patients with TR showed retinal crystals and outer retinal hyporeflective foveal cavitation on OCT
As there are estrogen receptors in the retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid, these tissues may also be affected by TAM
This review assesses different clinical aspects of the various known drug- induced corneal deposits, based on the corneal layer involved (epithelium, stroma and/ or endothelium), and based on the drug class