1mg/kg** ONDANSETRON and DROPERIDOL 0
** Dexamethasone dose measured as Ideal Body Vomiting is one of the most common reasons for parents to take their child to see a doctor
You may need to take your dose several times a day depending on what you’re treating
The FDA-approved indications include the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), radiation-induced nausea and vomiting, and the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
It is important to note that IM doses should only be given as a 'one off' dose
30 Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, administered at a dose of 8-10 mg IV, prevents PONV with a NNT of 4
Dosage
3
The antiemetic effect and safety of ondansetron, a selective serotonin type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, was determined in 36 patients suffering from nausea or vomiting during recovery from intravenous anesthesia
With intravenous use: For intravenous infusion (Zofran®), give continuously or intermittently in Glucose 5% or Glucose 5% with Potassium chloride 0
The percentage of delirious patients decreased significantly in the ondansetron group starting on post-operative Day three and persisted to Day five (p<
Anxiety
After 6 h the incidence of PONV increased significantly in patients who had received ondansetron 4 mg (p = 0
Moderate-to-severe hepatic impairment — decreased clearance
2 In high-risk patient groups, or high-risk surgical procedures, the risk of PONV can be as high as 80%
It is indicated for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, as well as post-operative nausea and vomiting, in children age 4-18 and adults
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication in paediatric anaesthesia and is a source of significant morbidity
Systematically searched, randomized, controlled trials (obtained through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biological Abstracts, manufacturer's database, manual searching of journals, and article reference lists) were analyzed
1mg/kg up to a No change in the dose or dosing frequency is required
It is in a class of medications called 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and works by 3
The incidence of PONV during the early (0-2 hours) and delayed (2-24 hours) postoperative periods was recorded
PONV in Adults
15 mg/kg up to 4 mg) is the most used antiemetic and is considered the "gold standard" in PONV management
The recommended dosage for adult and pediatric patients 6 months of age and older for prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic chemotherapy is
CONTRAINDICATIONS • Ondansetron Injection, USP is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug or any components of its formulations
In these trials, 58% of the 170 evaluable patients had a complete response (no emetic episodes) on Day 1
4 mg per injection) Treatment of nausea and vomiting
A systematic review reported that low-dose droperidol (less than 4 mg per day) was effective at reducing opioid-induced nausea and vomiting
[ 3] After PONV has started in recovery period even doses of 1 mg intravenously is shown to be as beneficial as 8 mg There was no significant difference between ondansetron and placebo or pethidine in terms of risk of bradycardia but ondansetron was associated with a lower risk of hypotension (RR: 0
There was no difference in hypotension when ondansetron was compared with pethidine
A variety of medications with different mechanisms of action have been used for the prevention and treatment of opioid-induced pruritus Note: Reduce maximum dose to 8mg in patients with severe hepatic impairment or in patients above 75 years of age
4 mg/kg), it may extensively depress respiration especially if used during the surgery
In patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment, the clearance of ondansetron is significantly reduced
Their benefit seems restricted mostly to nausea/vomiting due to vestibular abnormality and post-operative emesis
It works as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that blocks the effects of a chemical called serotonin in the brain
Pediatrics (4-18 years of age) Post-Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting ZOFRAN was effective and well tolerated when given to children 4-12 years of age (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION)
Ondansetron injection for the treatment of post-operative nausea and vomiting has been reported to cause drowsiness or sedation in 8% of patients vs
Meaning: These findings highlight the topic Oral: 1
5HT 3 receptor antagonist
Oral ondansetron comes as a tablet, an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT), and an oral solution
To assess the efficacy of ondansetron, compared with placebo or no treatment, for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV); to test dose-response
625-1
Ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting Keywords: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, antiemetics, ondansetron, postoperative nausea and vomiting Future
Ondansetron is a serotonin antagonist specific for the 5-HT3 receptor which is routinely used post-operatively for nausea and vomiting
Ondansetron is a medication that helps prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery
Ondansetron may be administered as a single dose of 4 mg given by slow intravenous injection at induction of anaesthesia
Ondansetron
Prophylactic single dose given at induction (14 RCTs, number of patients was not stated): three early studies did not use the dose of ondansetron recommended by the manufacturer
Do not exceed a daily dose of 8 mg
The route and dose of ondansetron should be flexible in the range of 8 to 32 mg
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
Systematically searched, randomized, controlled trials (obtained through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biological Abstracts, manufacturer's database, manual searching of journals, and article reference lists) were analyzed
Pruritus is a troublesome side-effect of neuraxial (epidural and intrathecal) opioids
For prevention of PONV in paediatric patients having surgery performed under general anaesthesia, a single dose of ondansetron may be administered by slow intravenous ADULT POST OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING GUIDELINES
** Dexamethasone dose measured as Ideal Body Weight
Post-operative nausea and vomiting; Contraindications : Contraindicated for patients known to have hypersensitivity to the drug
The active ingredient in ZOFRAN ODT orally disintegrating tablets is ondansetron base, the racemic form of ondansetron, and
For prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting, the recommended oral dose is 16 mg given 1 hour prior to anaesthesia
30 Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, administered at a dose of 8–10 mg IV, prevents PONV with a NNT of 4
For treatment of established post-operative nausea and vomiting a single dose of 4 mg
In these trials, 58% of the 170 evaluable patients had a complete response (no emetic episodes) on Day 1
The timing of anti-emetics: Most of the literature would suggest giving anti-emetics either at the start of surgery [ 2] or 30 min before the end of surgery for prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)